No mating took place on the night of emergence and maximum mating response occurred during the second night after emergence. Spodoptera frugiperda colony spodoptera frugiperda specimens were obtained from insect colonies and maintained in a laboratory. Noctuidae, were studied under laboratory conditions 26 c, 6080% rh, as was the utilization of the four host plants and adaptation on. The most important character to notice is a set of two windows separated by a right angle. Noctuidae, is a destructive insect pest, damaging economically important crops like tobacco nicotiana tabacum l. Deshwal3, suman choudhary4 and suresh kumar yadav1 1department of entomology, 2department of molecular biology and biotechnology, rajasthan. The efsa panel on plant health plhp performed a pest categorisation of spodoptera litura lepidoptera. The catches start low in the early rainy season and build up to a maximum by march, and then tail off by may. Gooch as a part of michigan state university ipm program and. Temporal expression profiling of novel spodoptera litura. Screening of plant extracts for oviposition activity ijfbs. The study was mainly focused on observing morphology of different stages i. Biology, morphometrics and geometrical progression of spodoptera litura was studied by rearing s.
Noctuidae and some native spodoptera moths introduction the purpose of this handout is to help you distinguish two exotic spodoptera moths of concern to u. Spodoptera littoralis spodoptera litura larval diagnosis detailed diagnosis of mature larval spodoptera was given in the fact sheet for s. For final identification it is necessary that the genitalia are dissected. In cases where the conditions of binding denaturing or nondenaturing were not reported, boxes are merged.
Pm 7124 1 spodoptera littoralis, spodoptera litura. Neonate and second instar bioassay studies revealed similarity in biological activity as. Biology studies of tobacco caterpillar, spodoptera litura. Role of receptors in bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxin activity. The best way is to combine many methods to improve the precision of forecast. Spodoptera litura fabricius is a cosmopolitan polyphagous insect pest ofmanyfood crops and tobacco. Biological control of tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura. Comparison of amino acid sequences of halloween genes in. Noctuidae on some of its major weed hosts find, read and cite all the research you. Rearing of spodoptera litura fabricius on different.
Host plant survey for two years from three different locations in cotton. It is established in tropical and subtropical regions where there are no, or few, frost days each year. As seen in sesquiterpenoids, these organisms introduce oxygen atom at their allylic. Several noctuid genera such as elaphria, galgula, spodoptera wagner et al. Spodoptera litura larvae are polyphagous insects that have become a significant pest in recent years. Two windows, one triangular 1a and one rectangular 1b. The staff of the danish agricultural agency, a total of approximately 1,200 strives countrywide to create the optimal conditions for sustainable growth and green transformation in the fields of. To date five p450 enzymes involved in the last four steps of ecdysteroid biosynthesis from ketodiol to 20e namely spook spo, phantom phm, disembodied dib, shadow sad and shade shd related to ecdysteroid biosynthesis, are identified and the character of last four enzymes is. Ranga rao international crops research institute for the semiarid tropics, patancheru, andhra pradesh 502 324, india. All photos included on this page can only be used for educational purposes.
Keys about fact sheets glossary larval morphology references. More than 100 species of host plants are reported, many of which are of economic importance eppocabi, 1997, robinson et al. Noctuidae, is an economically important insect pest known to attack various agricultural crops. Spodoptera litura prodliphotos eppo global database. A new continuous cell line from larval hemocytes of spodoptera litura f. The beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hubner lepidoptera. Effects of four host plants on biology and food utilization. Noctuidae, though, commonly known as tobacco cutworm, is not restricted to tobacco alone, but, feeds on more than 120 host plants belonging to 44 familiesqin et al. Noctuidae 3 host plants the beet armyworm has a wide host range, occurring as a serious pest of vegetable, field, and flower crops. Spodoptera litura is also known as the oriental leafworm moth, cluster caterpillar, cotton leafworm, tobacco cutworm, tropical armyworm, taro caterpillar, tobacco budworm, rice cutworm, and cotton cutworm. Maize farmers in subsaharan africa recently experienced unusual damage in their farms, attributed to the fall armyworm faw spodoptera frugiperda j. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Mate recognition and reproductive isolation in the sibling species spodoptera littoralis and spodoptera litura. Michigan state universitys invasive species factsheets.
This discussion focuses on early instar spodoptera and those spodoptera that can only be identified to genus. Pdf biology of spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. As in most other parts of the tropic, these armyworms are subjected to a disease caused by a spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus spltnpv infection in the field. Pages in category spodoptera the following 24 pages are in this category, out of 24 total. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Fortunately, the pest is highly susceptible to its npv and studies have shown that the virus can be used effectively as biopesticide in the field jayaraj et al. Rearing of spodoptera litura fabricius on different artificial diets and its parasitization with trichogramma chilonis ishii ahmadurrahman saljoqi,1 riaz ul haq,1 ehsanulhaq,2 javed khan2 and ghulam ali2 1department of plant protection, faculty of crop protection sciences, the university of agriculture. The roughly 30 species are distributed across six continents. The forewings need to be examined carefully because of their color variation and similarity to other nonindigenous as well as native species. Development of microplitis bicoloratus spodoptera litura and. Monitoring of spodoptera litura 445 results pheromone trap data from different seasons of 198586 indicated that there were about 10 generations of this species per year.
A new continuous cell line from larval hemocytes of. Taxonomic description of the genus spodoptera lepidoptera. Spodoptera litura prodlioverview eppo global database. This background formed a basis for selection of the topic isolation and characterization of male derived factors modifying the physiology of oviposition in lepidopteran pest spodoptera litura. The duration of egg, larvae, and pupa lasted for an average of 5. A plantbased extract mixture for controlling spodoptera. The lowest numbers of adults were emerged in cemb33, followed by. As, previously this is a non targeted pest in vidarbha region and indoxacarb. Spodoptera litura, otherwise known as the tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm, is a nocturnal moth in the family noctuidae.
The life cycle of spodoptera litura includes larval, pupal and adult stages. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. Article pdf available in international journal of biology and. Stub this article has been rated as stubclass on the projects quality scale. The tobacco caterpillar, spodoptera litura fabricius is one of the economically important and regular polyphagous pests on the field and horticultural crops and distributed in indoaustralian tropics. Spodoptera litura is an important polyphagous pest in india, china and japan. Spodoptera litura is also a pest of sugarbeet, with infestations presenting in march and peaking in late march and april chatterjee and nayak, 1987. Effects of three spodoptera litura control strategies on. This pest was first recorded in africa in 2016, but detailed information on its distribution and damage and farmers response in invaded areas are largely lacking. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks. Cluster caterpillar is a minor pest of potatoes in indonesia and western australia but growers should understand it. Crucifer seed crop pests, parasites, and the potential for.
Relative efficacy and economics of biopesticides against. Microplitis prodeniae rao and chandry is a solitary endoparasitoid of s. Larva feeds on the underside of leaves causing feeding. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Spodoptera litura is a notorious leaf feeding insect pest of more than one hundred plants around the asiapacific region. Hence, spodoptera litura is an appropriate choice to explore and unravel the mechanism underlying the regulation of reproduction. The lc 50 values were found to increase with the age of host. It is a serious pest of various economically important crops such as cotton, tomato, groundnut, chilli, tobacco, caster, okra and pulses etc.
Studies were carried out to evaluate the resistance of pakistani populations of the beet armyworm, spodoptera litura f to several commonly used insecticides. Environmental fate ecotoxicology human health a to z index home. Temperature impacts the development and survival of common. Species 71 of insect parasitoids in seven families of hymenoptera and two families of diptera were listed as parasitoids of different stages of s. Biotransformation of acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenoids by various bacteria, fungi, insect larvae, such as spodoptera litura, and mammals, such as rabbits and possums, and human and rat cytochrome enzyme is summarized. It is commonly known as tobacco caterpillar, a most devastating pest of cotton, groundnut, chillies, tobacco, castor, bhendi, pulses 2, 9. It is a serious polyphagous pest in asia and oceania, from the borders of north africa to japan and new zealand armes et. Predatory insects 36 belonging to 14 families and 12. Laboratory studies on the influence of bacterial spodoptera. Effects of four host plants, tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato, on larval and pupal development and survival, and longevity and fecundity of adults of spodoptera litura f lepidoptera. Spodoptera litura an overview sciencedirect topics. Efficacy of spodoptera litura multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus.
When the characteristic feeding damage of spodoptera was encountered during sampling, we inspected the entire field and removed by hand any new larval clusters and egg masses. Monitoring of insecticide resistance in spodoptera litura. Threshold temperatures and thermal requirements for the development of spodoptera litura lepidoptera. To assess the potential use of this parasitoid as a biological control agent, the reproductive schedule, fecundity and functional response of m. Spodoptera litura is a polyphagous insect which defoliates almost 120 economically important plant species all over the world 1. For publication in journals, books or magazines, permission should be obtained from the original photographers with a. Spodoptera is a genus of moths of the family noctuidae first described by achille guenee in 1852. To examine the responses of the secondary lepidopteran pest spodoptera litura to two bacillus thuringiensis bt corn hybrids 5422bt1 event. The efficacies of several entomopathogenic nematodes ofsteinernema andheterorhabditis spp. Spodoptera litura can be identified by the shape of the structures on the inner surface of the valve. Biology and nutrition of spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera.
Culture was maintained in the laboratory with the castor leaves as a food source. The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Effects of three spodoptera litura control strategies on arthropod diversity and abundance in tobacco agroecosystems in south china zhongshi zhou, 1, 2, zepeng chen 3 and zaifu xu 1, 1department of entomology, college of nature resources and environment, south china agricultural university, guangzhou, 510642, china. Ambedkar road, pune 411 00 i, india received 3 november 999. Spodoptera litura underwent the holometabolous type of development and the studies on biology of s. Bioassay of nuclear polyhedrosis virus npv and in combination with insecticide on spodoptera litura fab tran thi kieu trang 1 and s. Pdf improved artificial diet for mass rearing of the. Responses of the cutworm spodoptera litura lepidoptera. The following key is designed to help separate middle to late instar s. Spodoptera litura fabricius is a major vegetable pest that is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Pdf on jan 1, 2007, sushilkumar and others published biology of spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. Lepidoptera nucleopolyhedrovirus spltnpv, collected from different parts of india and maintained at tamil nadu agricultural university, were compared for their biological activity and subjected to restriction endonuclease ren analysis. Two sclerotised lobes at the fabricius, 1775 noctua elata fabricius, 1781 noctua histrionic fabricius, 1775 middle of anterio noctua litura fabricius, 1775 prodenia ciligera guenee, 1852 prodenia tasmanica guenee, 1852 prodenia declinata walker, 1857 prodenia glaucistriga walker, 1856.
Genus spodoptera 1spodg species spodoptera litura prodli contact eppo. An originally isolated baculovirus, spodoptera litura multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus spltmnpv was serially passed through the s. Studies on rearing of spodoptera litura fabricius on different artificial diets i. The potential of various isolates of spodoptera litura. Advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of baculoviral pathogenesis would thus help in formulating effective pest control strategies. Effect of three spodoptera litura control strategies, viz. Pdf mate recognition and reproductive isolation in the. Pdf host plants of leafworm, spodoptera litura fabricius. The danish agricultural agency is an agency under the ministry of environment and food of denmark. The department of primary industries and regional development, wa has worked with the indonesian potato industry to increase the productivity of their crops planted with wa seed potatoes. Some plant extracts have been used as a mixture to control insect pests and improve productivity. Effects of kiwifruit actinidia deliciosa cysteine protease on growth.
Spodoptera littoralis was collected from ohio greenhouses. Yoshiaki noma, yoshinori asakawa, in comprehensive natural products ii, 2010. Among susceptible vegetable crops are asparagus, bean, beet, broc. The larvae feed on a wide range of plants and have been recorded from over 40 mostly dicotyledonous plant families. This ranking characterizes spodoptera litura as quarantine significant for the u. Spodoptera exigua, geographic distribution, population dynamic. Published information was used to compile a summary of natural enemies parasitoids, predators and diseases reported attacking spodoptera litura f under field conditions. Relative efficacy and economics of biopesticides against spodoptera litura fab.
The common cutworm spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. This moth is found in asia, with some specific problematic pest population reports occurring in cambodia, hong kong, india, the pacific islands, guam, american. Temperature impacts the development and survival of common cutworm spodoptera litura. Its common names reference two of the most frequent host plants of the moth. Promod kumar shakya, masarrat haseeb and uzma manzoor department of plant protection, faculty of agricultural sciences, aligarh muslim university, aligarh, uttar pradesh, india email. The test insect, spodoptera litura populations used in this study were collected from castor field at coimbatore district, tamil nadu india during 20142015. Pathogenicity and characteristics of spodoptera litura. A female moth lays masses of eggs on the underside of. General information for spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus.
Effects of entomopathogenic fungi on the biology of spodoptera. A baculovirus widespread in nature and used to control armyworms example pests controlled. As in most other parts of the tropic, these armyworms are subjected to a disease caused by a spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus spltnpv infection in the field kalshoven 1981. It also functions as a screening aid to help recognize two exotic species, s. In this study, we determined faw distribution, genetic diversity.
General information about spodoptera litura prodli. Pdf spodoptera litura fabricius is a polyphagous pest, surviving on more than 120. This article is within the scope of wikiproject new zealand, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of new zealand and new zealandrelated topics on wikipedia. Beet armyworm spodoptera litura example applications. Geographical isolates ofspodoptera litura fabricius noctuidae. Spodoptera genus fall army worm taxonomy genus spodoptera. The spread of this pest has led to the continuous usage of insecticides on crops. Media in category spodoptera litura the following 31 files are in this category, out of 31 total. Chaudhari2 abstract the susceptibility of different stages of spodoptera litura larvae to npv was determined by bioassay. The study on potential of six isolates of slnpv which are originally from east java to control s. Sep 19, 2017 spodoptera litura fabricius is a major vegetable pest that is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Spodoptera litura has already developed resistance to several organic pesticides resulting severe crop losses singh and singh, 1998. Present status on bioecology and management of tobacco. Spodoptera litura below are some characters that are useful to distinguish spodoptera litura from other spodoptera species.
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